MENILIK PROSES KEILMUAN DALAM SEJARAH ISLAMISASI ASIA TENGGARA STUDI KASUS DAYAH, ACEH-INDONESIA (Scientific Tradition of southeast Asian Islam: A Case of Dayah-Aceh, indonesia)

Saifuddin Dhuhri

ABSTRACT

Scientific tradition of Southeast Asia Islam had celebrated great adavantage and played similar role to the centre of Islam, althought it was located fareast and considered as the periphery of Islam. The traditional Islamic education provided by the dayah in Aceh, has to be one of a best case of Islamic scientific tradition in the region. However, far too little attention has been paid to Dayah’s role in retaining scientific progression in Southeast Asia. The aim of this article is to describe and evaluate the role dayah plays in maintaining Islamic tradition of science. A brief historical overview of the development of dayah, along with its scientific tradition development is given to show that dayah is the oldest indigenous Islamic institution in Southeast Asia and that they had scientific tradition, which supports not only the nurturing of world view of Islam, but also the accumulation of science beyond Southeast Asian Islam. This article is relied on Alpaslan Acikgenc’s theory of Islamic scientific tradition. In refering to his 2014’s publication; Islamic Scientific Tradition in History, several concepts are employed in order to understand dayah’s scientific tradition; worldview, scientific community, scientific activities, the knowledge structure and the value and human structures. During the time. Acehnese sultanate was born, prospered, flourished and established as the representation of Islamic power and the protector of Islam in Southeast Asia. Its legacy was formed by the role played by Mecca, latter Ottoman as the connecting centre, the centre of Islamic teachings and controlling Islamic da`wa and power among the Islamic world. There were a great number of scientists at the time, such as Hamzah al-Fansury, Nuruddin Ar-Raniry, Abdur Rauf al-Singkili, Baba Daud al-Rumy, Ismail al-Asyie, Tgk Chiek Kuta Karang and Muhammad Zayn Al-Asyi. The materials of this paper are found from the historical synthesis of Acehnese literature, and global sources. Oral communication, local literature, and European reports are used to develop the argument of this paper and to evidence the findings. This work has a great contribution towards improving the literature of Islamic scientific tradition and providing the ground for understanding of Dayah as the unique tradition of science in Islamic civilisation.